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1.Indo-European Languages | 2.Indo-European Words | 3.Indo-European Nouns | 4.Indo-European Verbs | 5.Indo-European Syntax | 6.Indo-European Etymology

2. Letters and Sounds

2.1 The Alphabets of Modern Indo-European

2.1.1. Unlike other languages reconstructed in the past, Indo-European doesn’t have an old writing system to be revived with. Indo-European dialects have adopted different alphabets during the last millennia, and all of them should be usable today – although the main alphabet for today’s European Union is clearly the Latin one.

2.1.2. This is a summary table of Proto-Indo-European phonemes and their regular corresponding letters in MIE alphabets: Greek, Latin, Cyrillic, Perso-Arabic and (alphasyllabary) Devanāgarī.

A. Vowels and Vocalic Allophones

 

Phoneme

Greek

Latin

Persian

Armenian

Cyrillic

Devan.

[a]

Α α

A a

 

Ա ա

А а

[e]

Ε ε

E e

 

Ե ե

E e

[o]

Ο ο

O o

 

Ո ո

О о

[]

Ā ā

Ա ա

Ā ā

[]

Η η

Ē ē

 

Է է

Ē ē

[]

Ω ω

Ō ō

 

Ո ո

Ō ō

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[i]

Ι ι

I i

 

Ի ի

И и

[]

Ī ī

ی

Ի ի

Ӣ ӣ

[u]

Υ υ

U u

 

Ւ ւ

У у

[]

Ū ū

و

Ւ ւ

Ӯ ӯ

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[r̥]

Ρ ρ

R r

Ռ ռ

Р р

()

[l̥]

Λ λ

L l

ل

Լ լ

Л л

()

[m̥]

Μ μ

M m

م

Մ մ

М м

[n